Lingo Mai 1.0.15 serial key or number

Lingo Mai 1.0.15 serial key or number

Lingo Mai 1.0.15 serial key or number

Lingo Mai 1.0.15 serial key or number

How do I check for Craft updates & version numbers?

Version numbers for Craft are determined based on the individual tools, and numbering of the current version of Craft may not be continuous.

So you can always benefit from the newest features and fixes, InVision releases new versions of Craft Manager and the individual Craft tools quite often. Below, you'll find the current versions as well as instructions for checking and updating the versions you have installed.

Current production versions

Craft tools for Sketch

Here are the latest Craft tool versions for Sketch:

  • Craft Manager:
    Remember, Craft Manager is a separate tool that you use to manage the Craft plugin suite; therefore, the version number is different than what you see when clicking Manage plugins in the Sketch Plugins menu.
  • Sync + Prototype:
  • New Design System Manager:
  • Legacy Design System Manager:
  • Freehand:
  • Stock:
  • Duplicate:
  • Data:

Craft tools for Photoshop

Here are the latest Craft tool versions for Photoshop:

  • Craft Manager:
  • Sync: (If using Windows, please see the section below.)
  • Freehand:
  • Stock:
  • Duplicate:
  • Data:

Craft Sync for Windows

The latest version of Craft Sync for Windows is

Check and update your installed versions

To check your Craft Manager version number as well as check for updates on macOS:

  1. In the Mac menu bar, click the Craft Manager icon ().
    If it is not in the menu bar, open Finder, navigate to your Applications folder, and open Craft Manager.
  2. In the upper-right corner of the Craft Manager modal, click the settings icon (), and then click Preferences.
  3. At the bottom of the modal, see the version number, and then click Check for updates.

To check the version numbers of individual Craft tools:

  1. In the Mac menu bar, click the Craft Manager icon ().
  2. In the upper-left corner of the Craft Manager modal, ensure that you have the Tools tab open.
  3. While hovering over the name of each tool, you will see the version number you currently have installed. Alternatively, press and hold the Option key to see all version numbers at once.

Toggle automatic updates on or off

You have the option to automatically update all Craft tools in the background each time a new version is released. To turn this settings option on or off:

  1. In the Mac menu bar, click the Craft Manager icon ().
  2. In the upper-right corner of the Craft Manager modal, click the settings icon (), and then click Preferences.
  3. Under the Settings heading, select or deselect the Automatically update Craft checkbox.

Check Craft version number on Windows 

  1. From your desktop, click Start, and then click Control Panel.
  2. Find your list of installed programs under Programs, and then Programs and Features.
  3. Scroll to find Craft, and you will see the version number listed after the application's name.

The only way to update Craft Sync in Windows is to re-download the latest version. For more information, read this article: Installing Craft Sync for Windows

To view the most current version numbers for Craft Manager and Craft tools, check out the Craft Release Notes.


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Источник: [manicapital.com]
, Lingo Mai 1.0.15 serial key or number

1       Introduction

Test Assertions Model Version

OASIS Standard

15 October

Specification URIs

This version:

manicapital.com(Authoritative)

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Previous version:

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Latest version:

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Technical Committee:

OASIS Test Assertions Guidelines (TAG) TC

Chairs:

Jacques Durand (jdurand@manicapital.com), Fujitsu Limited

Patrick Curran (manicapital.com@manicapital.com), Oracle

Editors:

Stephen D. Green (stephengreenubl@manicapital.com), Individual

Jacques Durand (jdurand@manicapital.com), Fujitsu Limited

Related work:

This specification is related to:

·         Test Assertions Guidelines Version Latest version. manicapital.com

·         Test Assertion Markup Language Version Latest version. manicapital.com

Abstract:

The specification defines a model for Test Assertions that are associated with a specification, and defines their use and semantics.

Status:

This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS Test Assertions Guidelines (TAG) TC on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document.

A version of this document with formatting inconsistencies was initially published at the “This version” location noted above.  It has been removed and archived at the following URI: manicapital.com

Technical Committee members should send comments on this specification to the Technical Committee’s email list. Others should send comments to the Technical Committee by using the “Send A Comment” button on the Technical Committee’s web page at manicapital.com

For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the Technical Committee web page (manicapital.com).

Citation format:

When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:

[Test-Assertions-Model]

Test Assertions Model Version . 15 October OASIS Standard. manicapital.com

Copyright © OASIS Open All Rights Reserved.

All capitalized terms in the following text have the meanings assigned to them in the OASIS Intellectual Property Rights Policy (the "OASIS IPR Policy"). The full Policy may be found at the OASIS website.

This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published, and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this section are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, including by removing the copyright notice or references to OASIS, except as needed for the purpose of developing any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee (in which case the rules applicable to copyrights, as set forth in the OASIS IPR Policy, must be followed) or as required to translate it into languages other than English.

The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by OASIS or its successors or assigns.

This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and OASIS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY OWNERSHIP RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

OASIS requests that any OASIS Party or any other party that believes it has patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, to notify OASIS TC Administrator and provide an indication of its willingness to grant patent licenses to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification.

OASIS invites any party to contact the OASIS TC Administrator if it is aware of a claim of ownership of any patent claims that would necessarily be infringed by implementations of this specification by a patent holder that is not willing to provide a license to such patent claims in a manner consistent with the IPR Mode of the OASIS Technical Committee that produced this specification. OASIS may include such claims on its website, but disclaims any obligation to do so.

OASIS takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on OASIS' procedures with respect to rights in any document or deliverable produced by an OASIS Technical Committee can be found on the OASIS website. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this OASIS Committee Specification or OASIS Standard, can be obtained from the OASIS TC Administrator. OASIS makes no representation that any information or list of intellectual property rights will at any time be complete, or that any claims in such list are, in fact, Essential Claims.

The names "OASIS" and “OASIS Test Assertions Model” are trademarks of OASIS, the owner and developer of this specification, and should be used only to refer to the organization and its official outputs. OASIS welcomes reference to, and implementation and use of, specifications, while reserving the right to enforce its marks against misleading uses. Please see manicapital.com for above guidance.

 

1Introduction 5

Terminology 5

Data Model Formal Definition Terminology 5

Domain terminology 5

Normative References 6

Non-Normative References 6

2Role and Rationale 7

The Role of a Test Assertion 7

Benefits of Test Assertions 7

3Test Assertion 9

Test Assertion Overview and Terminology 9

Core Test Assertion Parts 9

Optional Test Assertion Parts 9

Implicit Test Assertion Parts 10

Informal Notation 10

Test Assertion Model 11

Convention Used for Formally Defining the Model 11

Mapping Test Assertion Terminology to the Formal Notation 12

General Structure of a Test Assertion 12

testAssertion 13

id 15

normativeSource 15

target 18

prerequisite 19

predicate 20

prescription 21

description 21

tag 22

variable 23

4Conformance 25

Conformance Clause for Test Assertion Formal Representation 25

Conformance Clause for Test Assertion Instances 25

Appendix manicapital.comng a Test Case from a Test Assertion 26

Appendix manicapital.comledgments 27

Appendix manicapital.comon History 28

 

 

    Terminology

Within this specification, the key words "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not" and "may" are to be interpreted as described in Annex H of [ISO/IEC Directives] if they appear in bold letters.

                 Data Model Formal Definition Terminology

The means of formally defining the model in this specification involves the use of terms “class”, “attribute”, “datatype” and “association”. These are terms familiar in an object oriented paradigm but  should not be strictly interpreted as object oriented terms. The terms are used as a means of formally defining the data structures in the model and do not specify or imply how that data is to be accessed or used. The use of the object oriented terminology  should not be taken to mean that the implementation is to be object oriented.

Class

The term “class” is used when the structure so modeled is a complex grouping of more than one entity (either “attributes” or “associations” or both).

Datatype

The term “datatype” is primarily used of a simple, primitive type such as a string or integer.

Attribute

The term “attribute” is used to specify an entity that is an instance of a primitive or simple datatype such as a string or an integer.

Association

The term “association” is used of an entity which is an instance of a class (i.e. its structure is defined by a class) and which appears as an element inside another class.

                 Domain terminology

This section provides definitions of terms that are related but not central to the notion of test assertion. These definitions represent a common understanding among practitioners but do not pretend to be here authoritative. 

Conformance

The fulfillment of specified requirements by a product, document, process, or service.

   Conformance Clause

A statement in a specification that lists all the criteria that must be satisfied by an implementation (data artifact or processor) in order to conform to the specification. The clause refers to a set of normative statements and other parts of the specification for details.

Implementation

A product, document, process, or service that is the realization of a specification or part of a specification.

Normative Statement, Normative Requirement

A statement made in the body of a specification that defines prescriptive requirements on a conformance target.

Test Case

A set of a test tools, software or files (data, programs, scripts, or instructions for manual operations) that verifies the adherence of a test assertion target to one or more normative statements in the specification. Typically a test case is derived from one or more test assertions. Appendix A proposes a more precise definition of the meaning of deriving a test case from a test assertion.  Each test case typically includes: (1) a description of the test purpose (what is being tested - the conditions / requirements / capabilities which are to be addressed by a particular test), (2) the pass/fail criteria, (3) traceability information to the verified normative statements, either as a reference to a test assertion, or as a direct reference to the normative statement. They are normally grouped in a test suite.

Test Metadata

Metadata that is included in test cases to facilitate automation and other processing.

 

    Normative References

[ISO/IEC Directives]            ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 Rules for the structure and drafting of International Standards, International Organization for Standardization, manicapital.com

 

    Non-Normative References

[CONFCLAUSE]OASIS, "Guidelines to WritingConformance Clauses ",  September

manicapital.com

 

[CONF1]                 OASIS, "Conformance requirements for Specifications" , March ,

manicapital.com

 

[CONF2]                 OASIS, "Conformance testing and Certification Framework" , Conformance TC, June ,

manicapital.com

 

[RFC ]              S. Bradner. Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels. IETF RFC , March manicapital.com

 

[VAR]                     W3C, "Variability in Specifications", WG note,,

manicapital.com

 

    The Role of a Test Assertion

A test assertion is a testable or measurable expression for evaluating the adherence of an implementation (or part of it) to one or more normative statements in a specification. It describes the expected output or behavior for the test assertion target within specific operation conditions, in a way that can be measured or tested. 

A Test Assertion should not be confused with a Conformance Clause, nor with a Test Case. The specification will often have one or more conformance clauses CONFCLAUSE  [[CONF1]][[CONF2]] which define various ways to conform to a specification  [[VAR]] . A set of test assertions may be associated with a conformance clause in order to define more precisely what conformance entails for a candidate implementation. Test assertions lie between the specification and any suite of tests to be conducted to determine conformance. Such a test suite is typically comprised of a set of test cases. These test cases are derived from test assertions that address the normative statements of the specification. 

    Benefits of Test Assertions

Improving the Specification

When defined at an early stage, test assertions may help provide a tighter specification. Any ambiguities, gaps, contradictions and statements which require excessive or impractical resources for testing can be noted as they become apparent during test assertion creation. If there is still an opportunity to correct or improve the specification, these notes can be the basis of comments to the specification authors. If not developed by the specification authors, test assertions should be reviewed and approved by them which will improve both the quality and time-to-deployment of the specification. Therefore, best results are achieved when assertions are developed in parallel with the specification.

Facilitating Testing

Test assertions provide a starting point for writing a conformance test suite or an interoperability test suite for a specification that can be used during implementation. They simplify the distribution of the test development effort between different organizations while maintaining consistent test quality. By tying test output to specification statements, test assertions improve confidence in the resulting test and provide a basis for coverage analysis (estimating the extent to which the specification is tested).

Aligning Implementations

Test assertions provide explicit guidance for implementers of a specification, by stating more concretely and practically the conditions to fulfill in order to conform. Unlike test suites which can only be exercised once the implementation work is done, test assertions are usable early on during the implementation work.

    Test Assertion Overview and Terminology

                 Core Test Assertion Parts

The following are defined as the "core" parts of a test assertion:

  Identifier

A unique identifier for the test assertion.  It is recommended that the identifier be made universally unique.[1]

Normative Sources

These refer to the precise specification requirements or normative statements that the test assertion addresses.

Target

A test assertion target is the implementation or part of an implementation that is the main object of the test assertion, and of its Normative Sources. It categorizes an implementation or a part of an implementation of the referred specification.

Predicate

A predicate asserts, in the form of an expression, the feature (a behavior or a property) described in the  specification statement(s) referred by the Normative Sources. If the predicate is an expression which evaluates to “true” over a Target instance, this means that the test assertion target exhibits this feature. “False” means the target does not exhibit this feature.

 

                 Optional Test Assertion Parts

The following are defined as the "optional" parts of a test assertion:

   Prescription Level

The prescription level is a keyword that indicates how imperative it is that the Normative Statement referred to in the Normative Source, be met. The test assertion defines a normative statement which may be mandatory (MUST / REQUIRED / SHALL), permitted (MAY / CAN) or preferred (SHOULD / RECOMMENDED). This property can be termed the test assertion’s prescription level.

NOTE: in the case of the normative source including keywords 'MUST NOT' or 'shall not' the prescription level 'mandatory'is used and the 'NOT' included in the predicate. Similarly, a statement with NOT RECOMMENDED or SHOULD NOT belongs to the 'preferred' level. There are differences between various conventions of normative language [ISO/IEC Directives][RFC ]and the above terms may be extended with more specialized terms for a particular convention and its distinct shades of meaning.

   Prerequisite

A test assertion Prerequisite is a logical expression (similar to a Predicate) which further qualifies the Target for undergoing the core test (expressed by the Predicate) that addresses the Normative Statement. It may include references to the outcome of other test assertions. If the Prerequisite evaluates to "false" then the Target instance is not qualified for evaluation by the Predicate.

   Tag

Tags represent properties or 'keywords' that qualify a test assertion. Tags  may  be given values. Tags  provide a means to categorize the test assertions. They enable the grouping of the test assertions, for example based on the type of test they assume or based on some property of their Target .

Variable

Variables are convenient for storing values,  reuse and shared use, within or across test assertions.  Another use of a variable is as parameter or attribute employed by the writer of a test assertion to refer to a value that is not known at the time the test assertion is written, but which will be determined at some later stage, possibly as late as the middle of running a set of tests.

Description

An informal definition of the role of the test assertion, with some optional details on some of its parts. This description shall not alter the general meaning of the test assertion and its parts as described in this model. This description may be used to annotate the test assertion with any information useful to its understanding. It does not need to be an exhaustive description of it.

 

                 Implicit Test Assertion Parts

In an actual test assertion definition, the previously mentioned parts are often explicitly represented as elements of the test assertion.

A concrete representation of a test assertion may omit elements (core or optional) provided they are implicit, meaning that the context in which the test assertion is defined, allows for unambiguous determination of the non-explicit element, e.g. via some rule or inference. A common case of implicit test assertion components is the implicit target: When several test assertions relate to the same target, the latter may be described just once as part of the context where the test assertions are defined, so that it does not need to be repeated. This calls for further structural components than those described so far. The more complex structure may include a test assertion set whose model caters for sharing of test assertion parts among a group of test assertions.

 

                 Informal Notation

The following notation will be used for a plain English  representation of a test assertion. In bold, are the test assertion part names as defined in the above terminology section :

 

TA id: (here state the Identifier of the test assertion)

Normative Source: (here state the Normative Source reference or copy)

Target: (here state the Target identifier)

Prerequisite: (here an assertion stating the Prerequisite with possible reference to the Target. Notational convention: the reference to the Target is within square brackets.

Predicate: (here an assertion stating the Predicate and referring to the Target. Notational convention: the reference to the Target is within square brackets.)

Prescription Level: (here state the Prescription Level of the test assertion, which is a keyword among {mandatory, preferred, permitted})

Tag: (here a name / value pair expressing a particular Tag. This test assertion part can be repeated. Notational convention: use the operator '=' between name and value.)

Variable: (here an identifier, along with its definition and/or value, representing a Variable that is reused in some other part of the test assertion. This test assertion part can be repeated. Notational convention: use the operator '=' between name and value, and put the definition in parenthesis just after the name, if any.)

Description: (here state the Descriptionof the test assertion)

This informal notation will be used for describing examples of test assertions.

 

Example of informal Test Assertion:

 

 

TA id: gizmo-TA

Normative Source: specification requirement

Target: electrical-gizmo

Prerequisite: [The gizmo] has a low-battery indicator.

Predicate: The low-battery indicator of [the gizmo] is a red LED that is flashing below CRITICAL-CHARGE battery voltage.

Prescription Level: mandatory

Tag: conformanceclass = "international"

Variable: CRITICAL-CHARGE (the critical voltage limit in a battery).

 

    Test Assertion Model

 

                 Convention Used for Formally Defining the Model

The means of formally defining the model in this specification involves the use of terms “class”, “attribute”, “datatype” and “association” as defined in section

Example Formal Definition: 

myclass {

 

  content : string ()

  id : string ()

  Child : child (*)

  Sibling : sibling (*)

 

}

With the exception of the example above, all of the textual representations of model constructs in this specification  are normative and authoritative. However, some classes in this specification may be extended either by adding further attributes or by adding further associations or both. This is indicated in the prose immediately following the representation of the class.

The class name, here called 'myclass', is shown before the opening curly bracket.

The attributes combine the name of the attribute in lower camel case separated by a colon from the name of the datatype on which the type of the attribute is based.

The associations combine the name of the association in upper camel case separated by a colon from the name of the class which is associated and which represents the type of the association.

The cardinality is specified using the notation “(x..y)” where “x” represents the lower bound and “y” the upper bound of the cardinality. The symbol “*” represents a limitless upper bound. There are the following cardinalities used in the model:

() specifies an optional, singular entity (lower bound 0, upper bound 1)

(*) specifies an optional, multiple entity (lower bound 0, upper bound unlimited)

() specifies a mandatory, singular entity (lower bound 1, upper bound 1)

(*) specifies a mandatory, multiple entity (lower bound 1, upper unlimited)

(x..y) specifies an entity lower bound x, upper y where x and y are positive integers, for example ()

In the example representation above the class “myclass” has a mandatory attribute, shown with “()” to signify that it is mandatory, called “id” whose content is type “string”. Another attribute named “content”  is shown to be optional by the notation (). The “myclass” class has  associations to other classes called “child” and “sibling”. These are similar to attributes whose types are complex and represented in this model as classes. The (*) notation signifies that the entity named “sibling” has multiple cardinality and is optional. The (*) after the association called “child” signifies that this association is mandatory and multiple.

Any graphic images such as class diagrams included in this specification are non-normative. It is the text which shall be taken as normative. Any diagrams are to be interpreted loosely as illustrative material and in the case of any discrepancy with the text it is the text which is to be taken as authoritative. 

 

                 Mapping Test Assertion Terminology to the Formal Notation

 

Table 1. Mapping Section test assertion parts (as defined in the previous terminology section)  to the formal Test Assertions Model

Test Assertion Parts

Corresponding Entities in Test Assertions Model

Test Assertion

Class: testAssertion

Core Parts

 

Identifier

attribute: manicapital.com

('id' attribute of testAssertion class)

Normative Source

Class: normativeSource

Target

Class: target

Predicate

Class: predicate

Optional Parts

 

Prescription Level

attribute: manicapital.com

('level' attribute of prescription class)

Prerequisite

Class: prerequisite

Tag

Class: tag

Variable

Class: variable

Description

Class: description

 

                 General Structure of a Test Assertion

A test assertion shall include, implicitly or explicitly the following parts:

•    Identifier

•    Normative Source

•    Target

•    Predicate

•    In addition, a test assertion may optionally include the following parts:

•    Prescription Level

•    Prerequisite

•    Tag (possibly many)

•    Variable (possibly many)

•    Description

                 testAssertion

An instance of testAssertion is a testable or measurable expression for evaluating the adherence of an implementation (or part of it) to one or more normative statements in a specification.

 

Formal Definition of 'testAssertion': 

 

testAssertion {

  id : string ()

  NormativeSource : normativeSource ()

  Target : target ()

  Prerequisite : prerequisite ()

  Predicate : predicate ()

  Prescription : prescription ()

  Description : description ()

  Tag : tag (*)

  Variable : variable (*)

}

 

 

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <id> attribute (corresponding to the Identifier terminology definition) is uniquely identifying the test assertion.

 

 

- The <NormativeSource> association (corresponding to the Normative Source terminology definition) is identifying the normative statement in the specification that describes the feature or behavior that needs to be verified over a <Target> instance.

 

- The <Target>  association (corresponding to the Target terminology definition) is identifying (or categorizing) the specification implementation(s) or parts of, subject to testing.

 

- The <Prerequisite>  association (corresponding to the Prerequisite terminology definition) expresses a pre-condition to be satisfied by the <Target> in order to qualify for the test expressed by the <Predicate>. It is a boolean expression: if evaluates to "true", the <Predicate> can be evaluated over the <Target>. If evaluates to "false", the <Target> is not qualified for this test assertion.

 

- The <Predicate>  association (corresponding to the Predicate terminology definition) expresses the feature or behavior expected from the <Target> as stated in <NormativeSource>. It is a boolean expression: if evaluates to "true", the <Target> instance exhibits the expected feature. If "false", the <Target> does not.

 

- The <Prescription>  association (corresponding to the Prescription Level terminology definition) expresses how imperative is the statement referred by <NormativeSource>: usually one level among {"permitted", "preferred", "mandatory" }(corresponds to optional/recommended/required)

 

- The <Description>  association (corresponding to the Description terminology definition) gives an informal definition of this particular test assertion.

 

- The <Tag> association (s) (corresponding to the Tag terminology definition) add some annotation mechanism in the form of (name, value) pair(s), or just a (name) property.

 

- The <Variable> association (s) (corresponding to the Variable terminology definition) provide some way to parameterize the expressions used in other elements of the test assertion, or to abstract some of its values. It is in the form of a (name, value) pair or just a (name). An additional definition statement may be added to the name.

 

 

Other attributes and associations may be added to the testAssertion class.

The NormativeSource, target and Predicate elements, although mandatory,  may be implicit and also may be declared in a test assertion set (specified later).  An instance of the testAssertion class may have any of its parts defined implicitly, i.e. their actual representation can be inferred, either from a container structure like a “test assertion set” or from other rules.

The Prerequisite and Predicate elements are of same nature. They are logical statement evaluating to true or false, which may in turn be composed of sub-expressions or sub-statements. These sub-expressions may be captured by Variables.

 

The overall semantics of a Test Assertion with regard to its Target, may be summarized as follows:

·         The "Target” is said to be not qualifiedfor the Test Assertion if the Prerequisite (if any) evaluates to "false" over theTarget .

·         The "Target” is said to fulfill the Normative Statement addressed by the Test Assertion if the Prerequisite (if any) evaluates to "true" over the Target , and the Predicate evaluates to "true".

·         The "Target” is said to not fulfill the Normative Statement addressed by the Test Assertion if the Prerequisite (if any) evaluates to "true" over a Target , and the Predicate evaluates to "false".

 

 


Test Assertion (Non-Normative UML-Style Class Diagram)

 

                 id

This attribute is the identifier of the test assertion. Its string value should be universally unique.

                 normativeSource

An instance of 'normativeSource' identifies the normative statement in the specification that describes the feature or behavior that needs to be verified over a 'target' instance.

Formal Definition of 'normativeSource': 

 

normativeSource {

  content : string ()

  Comment : comment ()

  Interpretation : interpretation ()

  RefSourceItem : refSourceItem (*)

  TextSourceItem : textSourceItem (*)

  DerivedSourceItem : derivedSourceItem (*) 

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute allows for quoting the entire normative source inside the test assertion (e.g. a copy of the original normative statement as it appears in a specification), when it is a single statement.

 

- The <Comment> association allows to add comments about the normative source.

 

- The <Interpretation> association may be used to add an alternative description in prose of any kind to a normative source e.g. to clarify its meaning or facilitate human understanding. It may provide further information clarifying how the predicate (or prerequisite) relates to the normative source.

 

- The <RefSourceItem> association references the original normative source statement, when externally defined.

 

- The <TextSourceItem> association quotes verbatim the source item.

 

- The <DerivedSourceItem> association  derives a form of words equivalent in meaning to the source item. This is useful when the source consists of tables, diagrams, graphs or text spread over several parts of the specification.

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the normativeSource class.

The normative source of a test assertion may be provided as a reference using the refSourceItem class.

Formal Definition of 'refSourceItem': 

 

refSourceItem {

  name : string ()

  uri : string ()

  documentId : string ()

  versionId : string ()

  revisionId : string ()

  resourceProvenanceId : string ()

}

 

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <name> attribute is the name of the referred document containing the normative statement.

 

- The <uri> attribute contains a URI that locates the resource.

 

- The <documentId> attribute identifies the referred document containing the normative statement.

 

- The <versionId> attribute identifies the version of the referred document.

 

- The <revisionId> attribute identifies the revision of the referred document.

 

- The <resourceProvenanceId> attribute contains additional source information associated with the referred document (such as authorship identifiers to certify its authenticity).

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the refSourceItem class.

 

An alternative to using a reference to point to the normative source in a specification is to actually quote verbatim the source item so the normative source includes an association with a class named textSourceItem which allows a direct, verbatim quote of the specification text.

Formal Definition of 'textSourceItem': 

 

textSourceItem {

  content : string ()

  name : string ()

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is quoting the normative source item.

 

- The <name> attribute is an informal qualifier of the statement.

 

 

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the textSourceItem class.

An alternative again to quoting verbatim the source item is to derive a form of words equivalent in meaning to the source item and for this the normative source includes an association to a class named derivedSourceItem. This is particularly useful when the source consists of tables, diagrams, graphs or text spread over several parts of the specification.  

Formal Definition of 'derivedSourceItem': 

 

derivedSourceItem {

  content : string ()

  name : string ()

  uri : string ()

  documentId : string ()

  versionId : string ()

  revisionId : string ()

  dateString : string ()

  resourceProvenanceId : string ()

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is expressing the normative statement as it has been interpreted from the (possibly non-textual) referred source material.

 

- other elements have same semantics as in refSourceItem class.

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the derivedSourceItem  class.

 

Formal Definition of 'comment': 

 

comment {

  content : string ()

 

}

Other attributes may be added to the comment class.

The comment class may be used to simply add comments of any kind (or as further specified in a conformance profile for this markup or a customization thereof) to a normative source test assertion part.

Formal Definition of 'interpretation': 

 

interpretation {

 

  content : string ()

}

Other attributes may be added to the interpretation class.

The interpretation class may be used to simply add an alternative description in prose of any kind (or as further specified in a conformance profile for this markup or a customization thereof) to a normative source test assertion part. This allows a prose expression to be added to improve human understanding of its logic. It provides further information about how the predicate (or prerequisite) relates to the normative source.

                 target

An instance of 'target' identifies (or categorizes) the specification implementation(s) or parts of, subject to testing.

Formal Definition of 'target': 

 

target {

  content : string ()

  type : string ()

  idScheme : string ()

  language : string ()

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is identifying the target or the set of targets subject to the test assertion. A target can either be a specific item or a category of items.

 

- The <type> attribute specifies the target category. Its values may belong to a controlled vocabulary, ontology or other classification or taxonomy system.

 

- The <idScheme> attribute specifies the identity scheme used for identifying target instances, e.g. in test reports. It allows for generating the identifier of a target instance. 

 

- The <language> attribute identifies the expression language used in the content attributes.

 

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the target class.

 

Where the scheme for listing or categorizing target types is defined in a document, the identifier, URL or URI for this document may be associated with the target using an additional attribute named 'schemeRef'. A target 'schemeRef' attribute or, for a set of test assertions, a shared target 'schemeRef' attribute may be used in cases where the target type scheme is defined using an expression or prose definition within the test assertion or set of test assertions.

The target content is a string. This may be an expression in a specialized formal expression language which may be specified using the 'language' attribute or using a complete conformance profile for that particular use of the markup.

 

                 prerequisite

An instance of 'prerequisite' expresses a pre-condition to be satisfied by the related  'target' instance in order to qualify for the test expressed by the 'predicate'. It is a boolean expression: if evaluates to "true", the 'predicate' can be evaluated over the 'target'. If evaluates to "false", the 'target' is not qualified for this test assertion.

Formal Definition of 'prerequisite': 

 

prerequisite {

  content : string ()

  language : string ()

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is stating the condition that must be met by the target and/or some collateral artifact, in order for the target to qualify for this test assertion.

 

- The <language> attribute identifies the expression language used for stating the prerequisite condition (content).

 

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the prerequisite class.

The prerequisite may be expressed using a specialized formal expression language which should be specified using the 'language' attribute.

The content of the prerequisite class shall contain an expression which evaluates to true or false. 

                 predicate

An instance of 'predicate' expresses the feature or behavior expected from the 'target' as stated by the 'normativeSource'. It is a boolean expression: if it evaluates to "true", the related 'target' instance exhibits the expected feature. If "false", the 'target' instance does not.

Formal Definition of 'predicate': 

 

predicate {

  content : string ()

  language : string ()

}

 

 

 

 

 

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is stating the condition that must be met by the target and possibly some additional collateral artifact, in order for the target to fulfill the normative statement or its interpretation addressed by this test assertions.

 

- The <language> attribute identifies the expression language used for stating the predicate condition (content), if applicable.

 

 

 

 

Other attributes may be added to the predicate class.

The predicate may be expressed using a specialized formal expression language which should be specified using the 'language' attribute.

A test assertion predicate shall be worded as an assertion, not as a requirement.   Normative keywords from [ISO/IEC Directives][RFC ] (e.g.  'MUST' or 'shall' keyword)   shall be absent from the predicate but reflected in the prescription level. The predicate has a clear Boolean value: Either the statement is true, or it is false for a particular target.

              prescription

An instance of 'prescription' expresses how imperative is the statement referred by 'normativeSource' when applying to a 'target'. It is usually one level among {"permitted", "preferred", "mandatory"}.

Formal Definition of 'prescription': 

 

prescription {

  content : string ()

  level : string () (allowed values include: mandatory|preferred|permitted)

}

 

Semantics:

 

 

- The <content> attribute is stating prescription information or annotation associated with the normative statement or its interpretation addressed by this test assertions.

 

Источник: [manicapital.com]
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